An object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.
Visualizing inertia (object at rest).
F = ma (Force equals mass times acceleration)
Visualizing force and acceleration.
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Visualizing action and reaction.
V = IR (Voltage equals current times resistance)
Visualizing current flow.
F = k(q₁q₂)/r² (Electrostatic force between two charged particles)
Visualizing electrostatic forces.
The sum of currents entering a junction equals the sum of currents leaving it, and the sum of voltage drops in a closed loop equals zero.
Visualizing current and voltage in circuits.
EMF = -dΦ/dt (The induced electromotive force in a closed circuit is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit.)
Visualizing electromagnetic induction.
dB = (μ₀/4π) * (Idl × r̂)/r² (Describes the magnetic field generated by a current-carrying wire.)
Visualizing magnetic fields around a wire.
E = mc² (Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared)
Visualizing energy-mass relationship.
Gravity is the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy.
Visualizing spacetime curvature.
Buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
Visualizing buoyant force.
In a fluid flow, an increase in velocity occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or potential energy.
Visualizing fluid flow and pressure.
E = hf (Energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency.)
Visualizing photon energy.
ΔxΔp ≥ ħ/2 (The position and momentum of a particle cannot both be precisely determined at the same time.)
Visualizing uncertainty.